Funding sources

This research was sponsored in part by the following:

• Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Laboratory Directed Research and Development Program Quickstarter project.

• U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research through the Earth and Environmental System Modeling program as part of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) project.

• Earth System Model Development and Regional and Global Modeling and Analysis program areas of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research as part of the multi-program, collaborative Integrated Coastal Modeling (ICoM) project.